Introduction On June 9, 2023, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu signed the Electricity Act, 2023 into law, repealing the Electric Power Sector Reform Act, 2005 (EPSRA). The new Act marks a pivotal shift in Nigeria’s legal and regulatory framework for electricity generation, transmission, and distribution. Among its most significant innovations is the de-monopolization of the…

Introduction On June 26–27, 2025, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu signed into law four transformative tax reform bills aimed at overhauling Nigeria’s complex, fragmented, and inefficient tax regime. The new statutes—the Nigeria Tax Act (NTA), Tax Administration Act (NTAA), Nigeria Revenue Service Act (NRSA), and Joint Revenue Board Act (JRBA)—form the cornerstone of the Federal Government’s…

Introduction “Officer, what did I do wrong?” is a question countless Nigerians have asked when flagged down at checkpoints or stopped on the streets. In Nigeria today, stop and search operations—especially by the police and other security agencies—are a routine part of law enforcement. However, while these operations are intended to prevent crime and maintain…

Nigeria and South Africa are the two largest economies in Africa, but they have different economic structures, strengths, and challenges. Below is a comparison and contrast of their economies: GDP & Economic Size Factor Nigeria South Africa Nominal GDP (2024) $395 billion $401 billion Real GDP Growth (2024 est.) ~3.3% ~1.2% GDP Per Capita ~$1,700…

Nigeria’s external debt profile has experienced significant shifts over the last two decades, influenced by varying economic strategies and global financial dynamics. This article examines the trajectory of Nigeria’s external debt from President Olusegun Obasanjo’s administration (1999–2007) to the current administration of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu (2023–present), analyzing the factors behind the borrowings, their implications,…